Introduction
As urban mobility evolves, rail transit systems face increasing demands for efficiency, automation, and safety. Multi-line LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) technology is emerging as a critical enabler for next-generation smart rail networks. Known for its ability to generate high-resolution 3D point cloud data in real time, multi-line LiDAR offers robust perception capabilities for both infrastructure and rolling stock.
In this article, we explore the core applications of multi-line LiDAR in rail transit environments and how it contributes to building safer and smarter transportation systems.
The MR76S is a compact millimeter-wave radar operating in the 80GHz frequency band. By emitting millimeter waves forward and analyzing their reflections, it detects the relative distance, speed, and angle of obstacles, enabling real-time monitoring and tracking of large/small vehicles, electric scooters, and other objects on the road.
Equipped with advanced technologies including phased array, DBF (Digital Beam Forming), MIMO virtual aperture, and near/far-field beamforming, the MR76S achieves:
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Detection range: 1.2–300 meters
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Multi-target tracking: Up to 128 objects simultaneously
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Compact & lightweight design: High sensitivity, stable performance, and easy integration
1. Track and Infrastructure Monitoring
Multi-line LiDAR excels in high-precision scanning of rail tracks, sleepers, turnouts, and other critical components. The generated 3D point clouds help detect anomalies such as rail deformation, obstructions, and surface wear. By providing early warnings, the system minimizes the risk of derailments and maintenance-related disruptions.
✅ Example: 1550nm fiber laser LiDAR systems can detect objects as small as 20cm × 20cm at a distance of up to 200 meters, making them ideal for intrusion detection.
2. Tunnel and Bridge Safety Surveillance
In tunnels, bridges, and other high-risk zones, LiDAR enables centimeter-level long-term structural monitoring. It continuously tracks deformation, cracks, and other critical changes in the infrastructure. This data supports predictive maintenance and ensures the structural health of key rail assets.
3. Onboard Collision Avoidance and Perimeter Protection
Multi-line LiDAR installed on rail vehicles can detect front and side obstacles—including pedestrians, vehicles, and debris—in real time. This adds an extra layer of safety to automatic or semi-automatic train operations and enhances driver assistance systems by enabling immediate reaction to unexpected hazards.
4. V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything) and Smart Traffic Coordination
In modern rail environments, LiDAR serves as a vital sensor in vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2X) systems. Roadside LiDAR units provide a “bird’s-eye view” of intersections and crossings, enabling extended-range perception beyond the line of sight. This is crucial for ensuring safe rail passage at urban crossings and complex junctions.
5. Passenger and Traffic Flow Monitoring
Multi-line LiDAR can be deployed at stations and adjacent roadways to monitor real-time traffic density, pedestrian movement, and queuing. These insights support congestion analysis, platform management, and better coordination between rail and other transit systems.
6. Autonomous Driving in Enclosed Rail Facilities
In controlled environments such as train depots, stations, and maintenance yards, LiDAR supports low-speed autonomous driving. It enables accurate navigation, obstacle avoidance, and dynamic path planning for service vehicles, shuttles, and inspection robots—improving overall operational efficiency.
Conclusion
Multi-line LiDAR is transforming how rail transit systems operate and interact with their environments. From infrastructure diagnostics to vehicle automation and traffic management, this technology plays a pivotal role in creating safer, smarter, and more efficient rail networks. As the demand for intelligent transportation systems grows, LiDAR’s applications will only continue to expand across the rail industry.
